Other Pains
ATYPICAL FACIAL PAIN
Atypical facial pain is often characterized by pain that varies in type and location. It is usually described as continuous, aching, cramping, pressure, pulling, and sometimes burning pain.
All facial pain that was not trigeminal neuralgia used to be referred to as atypical facial pain. This terminology is still used by some practitioners, but often is now used to indicate only facial pain which has a psychogenic component. It is important to determine how your health care practitioner is using the term “atypical” facial pain.
Atypical odontalgia is constant burning, throbbing, aching pain in tooth or gum area that can remain the same for months or even years. It usually starts after a dental procedure and no physical cause can be found with diagnostic dental work-up.
BURNING MOUTH
Burning Mouth is also known as glossodynia and stomatodynia. Burning sensations can be present through any or all parts of the oral cavity. Often is slight or absent in the morning and then pain gradually increases during the day. Medical conditions, such as Sjogren’s syndrome, Candida infection, food allergies, mineral deficiencies, etc. must be ruled out.
GENICULATE NEURALGIA
Geniculate neuralgia, also known as nervus intermedius neuralgia, is an extremely uncommon pain syndrome characterized by unilateral hallmark “ice pick” type pain deep within the ear, but may also be accompanied by duller ear pain or facial pain. It is thought to be caused by compression of the nervus intermedius nerve which runs between the seventh and eighth cranial nerves. Triggers include swallowing, talking, or stimulation of the ear canal.
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NEURALGIA
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia involves the ninth cranial nerves. It has unilateral, intermittent episodes of severe, sharp, stabbing pain at the back of the throat near the tonsils or back of the tongue and can radiate to the ear. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia can occur spontaneously or be triggered by swallowing, coughing, talking, or sneezing.
LYME DISEASE
Lyme disease is a multi-system inflammatory disease caused by Borrelia Burgdorferi. It is transmitted to humans by infected ticks. It starts off with an expanding red rash and flu-like symptoms. Over time, it can affect the joints, heart, and nervous system. Trigeminal neuropathic type facial pain can occur with Lyme disease.
MYOFASCIAL PAIN
Myofascial pain originates from a trigger point (painful area where a muscle and fascia meet) and can radiate to other areas. Myofascial face pain can be related to the muscle of mastication (chewing) and other muscles including those of the neck and shoulders.
OCCIPITAL NEURALGIA
Occipital neuralgia is continuous aching, throbbing, and burning pain mixed with sharper stabbing pains at times. It starts at the base of the skull and usually goes up the back, front, or side of the affected side of the head. It can also radiate behind the eyes on the affected side.
RAEDER PARATRIGEMINAL SYNDROME
Raeder paratrigeminal syndrome is a rare disorder that causes pain in or around the eye on just one side of the face. The deep boring pain sometimes includes intermittent stabbing sensations. It is characterized by the drooping of one eye lid and the decrease in size of that eye’s pupil. It usually resolves itself in two to three months.
SINUSITIS
Sinusitis happens when the lining of the sinuses become inflamed. Symptoms can include pain or pressure in the forehead, cheeks, and/or nose. They can also cause swelling of the eye lids, a headache, stuffy nose, or even an ache in the teeth or upper jaw. It is possible for damage to the trigeminal nerve during sinus surgery which can result in trigeminal neuropathic pain.
SPHENOPALATINE NEURALGIA
Sphenopalatine neuralgia, also known as Sluder's neuralgia, is a facial pain disorder occurring on one side of the head with a headache behind the eyes, and sometimes aching in the teeth or temple area. Tearing and redness of the eye along with nasal congestion occur. It is similar to cluster headaches.
SUPERIOR LARYNGEAL NEURALGIA
Superior laryngeal neuralgia, a rare disorder, is severe pain that lasts seconds to minutes in the side of the throat, the lower jaw, and underneath the ear. It is triggered by swallowing, shouting, or turning the head.
TEMPORAL ARTERITIS
Temporal arteritis is a condition where inflammation of an artery in the head can produce sudden onset of headache and pain in the temple area or even in the back of the head. Permanent loss of vision in both eyes is possible if not quickly diagnosed. It’s more common in women. Average age of onset is 70 and seldom is seen under age 50.
TRIGEMINAL AUTONOMIC CEPHALAGIAS
Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalagias is headache syndromes associated with one sided facial pain in the eye, temple or forehead areas. It includes extensive tearing and redness of the eye, one-sided nasal congestion, drooping and swelling of an eyelid, pupil constriction, and forehead and facial sweating.
SUNCT (Short-lasting, unilateral neuralgiform) headaches occur during the day and most often in men over 50. Burning, stabbing or throbbing pain lasts 15-60 seconds and can occur up to 30 times in one hour. Pain can be triggered by movement of the head and neck.
Chronic Paroxysmal Hemicrania, also known as Sjaastad syndrome, is similar to cluster pain but has shorter and more frequent attacks that last from 2-20 minutes with no long periods of remission. It occurs mostly in women and can occur any time of day.
Cluster Headache is rare, severe one-sided pain in and around the eye or temple. Sharp burning pain lasts 15-180 minutes, once every other day or up to eight times a day. Attacks may last a few weeks followed by weeks to years of remission. It is more comment in men and happens more often at night.
Cluster tic syndrome is a mixture of cluster and trigeminal neuralgia pains.
TRIGEMINAL DEAFFERENTATION
Trigeminal deafferentation follows damage to a peripheral nerve from a facial trauma, dental procedure, alcohol or glycerol rhizotomy, radiofrequency rhizotomy, balloon compression, radiosurgery or neurectomy. It is often described as continuous, burning, and pulling pain in the numb area.
ATYPICAL FACIAL PAIN
Atypical Facial Pain: A Survey of Treatment in the Manchester Area (UK)
http://hej.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/63/2/170
Atypical Facial Pain – Columbia University Medical Center
http://www.cumc.columbia.edu/dept/nsg/ct/atypical_facialpain.html
Pharmacological therapy of atypical facial pain: actuality and perspective
http://www.springerlink.com/content/tu2647464x8lk663/
GENICULATE NEURALGIA
Geniculate Neuralgia – University of Pittsburgh
Geniculate neuralgia: long-term results of surgical treatment
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0BUM/is_1_81/ai_82471786
Nervus Intermedius (Geniculate Neuralgia) – Facial Neuralgia Resources
http://facial-neuralgia.org/conditions/tn-ni.html
GLOSSOPHARYGEAL NEURALGIA
A patient with glossopharyngeal neuralgia: a (un)known trap
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18543693
Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia - Facial Neuralgia Resources
http://facial-neuralgia.org/conditions/tn-gn.html
Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia - Headache
Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia – iMigraine.net
http://imigraine.net/other/glosso.html
Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia - Merck
http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec16/ch219/ch219j.html
Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia - NINDS
Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia - UCLA
http://neurosurgery.ucla.edu/body.cfm?id=161
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia and MS
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia following foreign body impaction in the neck
http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia responding to pregabalin
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia with cardiac syncope treated by glossopharyngeal rhizotomy and microvascular decompression
http://europace.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/5/2/149.pdf
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia with MAS syndrome and complex partial seizures
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18624125?dopt=Abstract
Long-term follow-up results of microsurgical treatment for glossopharyngeal neuralgia
MRI of Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia Caused by Neurovascular Compression http://www.ajronline.org/cgi/content/abstract/191/2/578
Microvascular decompression for glossopharyngeal neuralgia: long-term effectiveness and complication avoidance
Percutaneous stereotactic radiofrequency rhizotomy (PSR)
http://www.mayfieldclinic.com/PE-PSR.htm
Relief of glossopharyngeal neuralgia by ketamine-induced N-methyl-aspartate rece
http://www.ionchannels.org/showabstract.php?pmid=9257324
Trigeminal and Concurrent Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia Secondary to Lateral Medullary Infarction
http://www.ajnr.org/cgi/content/full/27/3/705
Vascular compression in glossopharyngeal neuralgia: demonstration by high-resolution MRI at 3 tesla
http://www.springerlink.com/content/l5r3fhrp3dk1fdup/
LYME DISEASE
Differentiation of orofacial pain related to Lyme disease from other dental and facial pain disorders.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9142482
Lyme Disease - eMedicine
http://www.emedicine.com/neuro/topic521.htm
Lyme Disease - MayoClinic
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/lyme-disease/DS00116
Organizations (Lyme Disease)
American Lyme Disease Foundation
http://www.aldf.com/
Post Office Box 466
Lyme, CT 06371
Canadian Lyme Disease Foundation
http://www.canlyme.com/
2495 Reece Rd.
Westbank, BC, Canada
V4T 1N1
Phone: 250-768-0978
Lyme Disease Association
http://www.lymediseaseassociation.org/
PO Box 1438
Jackson, NJ 08527
Phone: 888-366-6611
The Lyme Disease Foundation
http://www.lyme.org/
PO Box 332
Tolland, CT 06084-0332
Phone: 800-886-5963
Lyme Disease Network of New Jersey
http://www.lymenet.org/
43 Winton Road
East Brunswick, NJ 08816
MYOFASCIAL FACE PAIN
Efficacy of tizanidine hydrochloride in the treatment of myofascial face pain
http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=15923853
Incidence and prevalence of myofascial pain in the jaw-face region. A one-year prospective study on dental students.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18446553
The Myofascial Component of Facial Pain
http://www.pain-education.com/100136.php
Myofascial Face Pain – Clinical Characteristics of Those With Regional vs. Widespread Pain
Myofascial Pain and Fibromyalgia Syndromes
Pain Management: Myofascial Pain Syndrome (Muscle Pain)
http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/guide/myofascial-pain-syndrome
TRIGEMINAL DEAFFERENTATION
Trigeminal Neuropathy or Post-Traumatic Trigeminal Neuralgia
Trigeminal Deafferentation
http://www.cedars-sinai.edu/3983.html
Practical Pain Management - Trigeminal Deafferentation Pain (TDP)
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